Jesus
7--2 BC to 30--33 AD, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth, is the
central figure of Christianity, whom the teachings of most Christian
denominations hold to be the Son of God. Christianity holds Jesus to
be the awaited Messiah of the Old Testament and refers to him as
Jesus Christ, a name that is also used in non-Christian contexts.
Virtually
all modern scholars of antiquity agree that a historical Jesus
existed, although there is little agreement on the reliability of the
gospel narratives and how closely the biblical Jesus reflects the
historical Jesus. Most scholars agree that Jesus was a Jewish
preacher from Galilee, was baptized by John the Baptist, and was
crucified in Jerusalem on the orders of the Roman prefect, Pontius
Pilate.
Scholars
have constructed various portraits of the historical Jesus, which
often depict him as having one or more of the following roles: the
leader of an apocalyptic movement, Messiah, a charismatic healer, a
sage and philosopher, or an egalitarian social reformer. Scholars
have correlated the New Testament accounts with non-Christian
historical records to arrive at an estimated chronology of Jesus'
life.
Christians
believe that Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of a
virgin, performed miracles, founded the Church, died by crucifixion
as a sacrifice to achieve atonement, rose from the dead, and ascended
into heaven, from which he will return. The great majority of
Christians worship Jesus as the incarnation of God the Son, the
second of three Persons of a Divine Trinity. A few Christian groups
reject Trinitarianism, wholly or partly, as non-scriptural.
In
Islam, Jesus (commonly transliterated as Isa) is considered one of
God's important prophets and the Messiah (al-Masih). To Muslims,
Jesus is a bringer of scripture and the child of a virgin birth, but
neither divine nor the victim of crucifixion. Judaism rejects the
belief that Jesus was the awaited Messiah, arguing that he did not
fulfill the Messianic prophecies in the Tanakh.
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